Investigating the impact of London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone on children’s health: Children’s Health in London and Luton (CHILL): Protocol for a prospective parallel cohort study

This paper described the design of a prospective, longitudinal, United Kingdom-based cohort study that will evaluate the impact of London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone on children’s health; the study will include ~1600 participants aged 6–9 years attending primary schools in central London, with a comparator group of ~1600 participants from Luton. The primary aim of the study is to examine the impact of changes in annual air pollutant exposures (NOx, NO2, PM2.5, PM10) on lung growth, measured as FEV1 and FVC, over a period of four years. Pre- and post-bronchodilator lung function testing will be undertaken using a Vitalograph Alpha Touch spirometer.