Standardisation of the measurement of lung volumes

This document integrates and consolidates the recommendations of the current American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society Task Force on pulmonary function standards, and the recommendations from an earlier National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) workshop convened by the ATS.ഀ ഀ The NHLBI workshop participants, who were experts with considerable adult and paediatric experience, published their input in the form of background papers in the European Respiratory Journal between 1995 and 1999. Later, a NHLBI workshop consensus document was written, which can be found on the ATS website, for those who require more in-depth descriptions, discussion and a fuller derivation of equations.