Effect of experimental exposures to 3-D printer emissions on nasal allergen responses and lung diffusing capacity for inhaled carbon monoxide/nitric oxide in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis

This crossover study evaluated the effect of 2 hours of exposure to 3D printer emissions on allergen responsiveness and lung diffusing capacity in 28 young subjects (18–40 years) with seasonal allergic rhinitis. As part of the study, exhaled biomarkers were assessed, including expired CO, which was measured using the Vitalograph BreathCO analyzer.