Effects of extra training with active cycle of breathing technique relative to whole-body breathing exercise in older adults with stable COPD

This randomised controlled trial evaluated whether adding active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) to whole-body breathing exercise improves outcomes in older adults with stable COPD. The Vitalograph Model 6000 Alpha pulmonary function system was used to measure spirometric lung function, including FEV₁, FEV₁% predicted, and FEV₁/FVC ratio.