Risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a tertiary health institution in Lagos, Nigeria

This cross-sectional study examined clinical characteristics and identifiable risk factors in 79 patients with spirometry-confirmed COPD at a tertiary health clinic in Lagos, Nigeria. As part of the study, patients underwent pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometric testing (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio), which was conducted using the Vitalograph Pneumotrac spirometer.