Functional and 123I-MIBG scintigraphy assessment of cardiac adrenergic dysfunction in diabetes

This study examined the relationship between clinical cardiovascular adrenergic function and cardiac adrenergic innervation in 33 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. As part of the study, patients underwent autonomic testing, which involved deep breathing and execution of the Valsalva maneuver in various positions. For the deep breathing and Valsalva maneuvers, participants blew into a Vitalograph BVF mouthpiece fitted to a digital pressure transducer and a digital air volume transducer, respectively.