Cognitive and emotional responses to pictorial warning labels and their association with quitting measures after continued exposure

This randomized, parallel-group trial examined the response to pictorial warning labels, as compared with no warning labels or text-only warning labels, in 361 non-treatment-seeking, daily smokers aged 21–65 years. Smoking status at baseline was biochemically verified (ie carbon monoxide >5 ppm) using the Vitalograph BreathCO monitor.