FEV1 and FVC as robust risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: Insights from a large population study

This study used data from 406,424 individuals enrolled in the UK Biobank to examine how FEV1 and FVC were related to overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Outcomes were assessed based on baseline FEV1 and FVC data obtained using the Vitalograph Pneumotrac spirometer, with lung function categorized as normal (≥80% predicted), slightly reduced (60–80% predicted), or moderately or severely reduced (<60% predicted).