Preserved ratio impaired spirometry, plasma proteomics, and incident heart failure

This study investigated the association between progression to PRISm and the occurrence of heart failure, and explored the potential causal relationship and underlying molecular mechanisms connecting the two conditions. Data were obtained from UK Biobank participants, including 32,202 individuals with repeated spirometry measurements (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio) collected using a calibrated Vitalograph Pneumotrac spirometer and 40,047 individuals with proteomic data.