Blinded 12-week comparison of once-daily indacaterol and tiotropium in COPD

This randomized, blinded, parallel-group, double-dummy study examined the efficacy and safety of indacaterol versus tiotropium in 1598 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. The primary endpoint was trough FEV1 after 12 weeks of treatment; secondary endpoints included FEV1, FVC, TDI score, SGRQ score, rescue salbutamol usage, days with no COPD symptoms, nights with no awakenings, and days of usual activities. Lung function testing was undertaken using a Vitalograph Pneumotrac spirometer.